Indications for use of Ingavirin are:

Treatment of influenza A and B and other acute respiratory viral infections (adenovirus infection, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial infection) in adults; prevention of influenza A and B and other acute respiratory viral infections in adults; treatment of influenza A and B and other acute respiratory viral infections (adenovirus infection, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial infection).

Pharmachologic effect:

Antiviral drug.

Preclinical and clinical studies have shown efficacy against type A influenza viruses (A / H1N1, including swine A / H1N1 pdm09, A / H3N2), A / H5N1)) and type B, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus; in preclinical studies: coronavirus, metapneumovirus, enteroviruses, incl. Coxsackie virus and rhinovirus.

Promotes accelerated elimination of viruses, shortening the duration of the disease, reducing the risk of complications.

The mechanism of action is realized at the level of infected cells by stimulating factors of innate immunity, suppressed by viral proteins. Experimental studies, in particular, have shown that Ingavirin® increases the expression of the first type of interferon IFNAR receptor on the surface of epithelial and immunocompetent cells. An increase in the density of interferon receptors leads to an increase in the sensitivity of cells to signals from endogenous interferon. The process is accompanied by the activation (phosphorylation) of the STAT1 transmitter protein, which transmits a signal to the cell nucleus for the induction of antiviral genes. It was shown that under conditions of infection, the drug stimulates the production of the antiviral effector protein MxA, which inhibits the intracellular transport of ribonucleoproteins of various viruses, slowing down the process of viral replication.

The drug causes an increase in the content of interferon in the blood to a physiological norm, stimulates and normalizes the reduced α-interferon-producing ability of blood leukocytes, stimulates γ-interferon-producing ability of leukocytes. It causes the generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes and increases the content of NK-T cells, which have a high killer activity in relation to cells infected with viruses.

The anti-inflammatory effect is due to the suppression of the production of key pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-1β and IL-6)), a decrease in the activity of myeloperoxidase.

Experimental studies have shown that combined use with antibiotics increases the effectiveness of therapy on the model of bacterial sepsis, incl. caused by penicillin-resistant strains of staphylococcus.

Experimental toxicological studies have shown a low level of toxicity and a high safety profile of the drug.

Pharmacokinetics:

When used in recommended doses, the determination of the drug in blood plasma by available methods is not possible.

In experimental studies using a radioactive label, it was found that the drug quickly enters the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract and is evenly distributed throughout the internal organs.

Cmax in blood, blood plasma and most organs is reached 30 minutes after drug administration. AUC values ​​of the kidneys, liver and lungs slightly exceed the AUC of blood (43.77 μg × h / g). The AUC values ​​of the spleen, adrenal glands, lymph nodes and thymus are below the blood AUC. The average retention time of the drug in the blood is 37.2 hours.

With the course of taking the drug 1 time / day, it accumulates in the internal organs and tissues. At the same time, the qualitative characteristics of the pharmacokinetic curves after each administration of the drug were identical: a rapid increase in the concentration of the drug after each administration in 0.5-1 h after administration and then a slow decrease by 24 h.

It is not metabolized in the body and is excreted unchanged.

The main process of elimination occurs within 24 hours. During this time, 80% of the dose taken is eliminated. During the first 5 hours, 34.8% is withdrawn, in the following hours - 45.2%. Of these, 77% are excreted through the intestines, 23% through the kidneys.